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• 20:26, 10 July 2025 BrantleyRider talk contribs created page Penal substitution (Created page with "'''Penal substitutionary''', also called penal substitutionary atonement and especially in older writings forensic theory, is a theory of the atonement within Protestant Christian theology, which declares that Christ, voluntarily submitting to God the Father's plan, was punished (penalized) in the place of (substitution) sinners, thus satisfying the demands of justice and propitiation, so God can justly forgive sins making us at one with God (atonement). It began with th...")